Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, causes of tooth loss, and associated factors among the older adult population attending dental clinics in the city of Gharyan in Libya. A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted among adults who came to private clinics in the city of Gharyan in Libya. There were 160 patients participated in the study. Those that met the inclusion criteria had their data collected via self-administered questionnaires. Computer-assisted techniques used to examine the data (IPMSPSS). The results of the present study indicated that the major cause of tooth loss was dental caries (65.56%), followed by periodontal disease (11.88%). and more teeth loss was in the female than male and increased tooth loss with aging. In conclusion, there was a high prevalence of tooth loss. Females lost more teeth than males. Increased proportion of tooth loss seen in the elderly population.

كان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو التحقيق في انتشار وأسباب فقدان الأسنان والعوامل المرتبطة بها بين كبار السن الذين يرتادون عيادات الأسنان في مدينة غريان في ليبيا. أجريت دراسة وصفية مقطعية بين البالغين الذين جاءوا إلى العيادات الخاصة في مدينة غريان في ليبيا. شارك في الدراسة 160 مريضًا. تم جمع بيانات أولئك الذين استوفوا معايير الإدراج من خلال استبيانات ذاتية الإدارة. تم استخدام تقنيات بمساعدة الكمبيوتر لفحص البيانات (IPMSPSS). أشارت نتائج الدراسة الحالية إلى أن السبب الرئيسي لفقدان الأسنان كان تسوس الأسنان (65.56٪)، يليه مرض اللثة (11.88٪). وكان فقدان الأسنان أكثر لدى الإناث منه لدى الذكور وزيادة فقدان الأسنان مع تقدم العمر. في الختام، كان هناك انتشار كبير لفقدان الأسنان. فقدت الإناث أسنانًا أكثر من الذكور. زادت نسبة فقدان الأسنان لدى كبار السن

The dentigerous cyst is a developmental odontogenic asymptomatic cyst, that is associated with the crown of an

unerupted or impacted tooth. Early diagnosis is important to avoid any future complications and choose the best

treatment option. The purpose of this case report is to describe the management of a dentigerous cyst related to

lower second molar in a young female patient using orthodontic traction as a conservative treatment approach.

This procedure helps to spare the patient an unnecessary surgical excision procedure and the associated excessive

bone removal for a safety margin, stimulates bone healing and promotes the eruption of the cyst-associated tooth.

Keywords Dentigerous cyst, Decompression, Orthodontic traction

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Malignancy is regarded as a potentially fatal disorder that can impact human health globally. More than 90% of all oral cavity malignancies that have been detected are invasive oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs). Patients having OSCC still have an extremely poor survival rate, even though medical therapy has advanced significantly. Medicinal plants have been the subject of recent scientific research. Capparis spinosa L. (CS) is among the prominent plants found across the Mediterranean region.According to phytochemical analysis, CS leaves are considered to be a promising therapeutic plant since they are an essential spring of bioactive substances such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. Research has indicated that CS extract exhibits anti-carcinogenic properties against numerous forms of cancer.

OBJECTIVE: The current research was to the evaluation of the anti-carcinogenic effect of the ethanolic extract of CS leaves on SCC-4 cell lines contrasted with both the untreated cancer cell lines and Cisplatin treated.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: This work comprised an in vitro investigation. SCC-4 cell line was separated into 3 groups: group 1 was considered as negative control (untreated), group 2 was positive control (Cisplatin-treated), and group 3 (treated with CS leaves extract). Viability, proliferation and apoptosis assays were performed to evaluate the possible therapeutic effect of the CS leaves extract in duration of 48 hours.

RESULTS: Treating SCC-4 cell line with the extract of CS leaves has shown that the viability effect was in a dose-dependent fashion. The IC50 or the half-maximal inhibitory concentration was equal to 176.3μg/ml. Also, CS treatment has elevated the apoptotic cells’ percentage and decreased SCC-4 cells proliferation rate in compare to the untreated cancer cell lines and Cisplatin

action.

CONCLUSION: the extract of CS leaves may have a prominent anti-cancerous effect on OSCC.

KEYWORDS: Oral squamous cell carcinoma, Capparis spinosa L., Viability, Proliferation, Apoptosis.

Running Title: Anti-carcinogenic effect of Capparis spinosa L. on SCC-4

الدراسة شملت معدل انتشار الامراض الفموية للغشاء المخاطي ضمن المصابين بمرض السكري في منطقة غريان بالجبل الغربي

ABSTRACT

Background and aims. Paracetamol (AAP) is the most common drug used as an analgesic and antipyretic. It can induce oxidative stress which can cause cell death. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of paracetamol on the submandibular salivary gland (SMG)of Albino rats. Methods. Twelve adult male albino rats were used, divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received orally 350mg/kg (paracetamol) once daily for 4 weeks and control groups received 2ml physiologic saline, and methyl cellos once orally daily during whole experimental period. Results. Histological examination of the experimental group showed that acinar cells demonstrated pyknotic and deeply stained nuclei with many cytoplasmic vacuolations. The ducts showed some signs of degeneration with loss of their normal cellular outlines. However, showed degenerative changes. Apoptotic changes expressed by anti-active caspase 3 were more obvious in acinar cells than in ductal cells. Statistical results showed a significant (P<0.05) statistical difference between the two groups. Conclusion. Long use of paracetamol leads to a degenerative and apoptotic change in acinar and ductal cells (SMG).

لدراسة كانت مقارنة بين نسبة الفلورايد في عينات عشوائيه لمياه طبيعية و مياه معلبة و ذلك لأهمية الفلورايد في تكوين الأسنان و حمايتها من التسوس

الدراسة كانت مقارنة بين نسبة الفلورايد في عينات عشوائيه لمياه طبيعية و مياه معلبة و ذلك لأهمية الفلورايد في تكوين الأسنان و حمايتها من التسوس

The researchers in this study set out to do just that by investigating what goes wrong with people's permanent dental prostheses in Libya. One hundred patients from the clinic in Gharyan, Libya, who had come in complaining of problems with their fixed dental prostheses were included in the study, and the reasons for their failure were categorized using Manappallil's system. Failures in Class 3 accounted for 30% of all failures, Class 4 for 24%, Classes, 2, and 4 for 8%, Classes 5 and 6 for 15%, and Class 6 for 11%. Class 1 for 8%, Class 2 for 12%, Class 4 for 24% Class 5 for 15 % and Class 6 for 11%. Unserviceable restorations due to poor margins were indicated as the most common cause of failure in class 3 failures in the current study. Keywords: Rehabilitation, Fixed partial dentures, Failure classification, success

Penicillin is a drug commonly used as an antibiotic agent. It is among the earliest discoveries made. It is a natural compound released to the environment by fungi (Penicillium notatum). Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928 (Davies and Davies, 2010).

 Penicillin is found in various diverse forms and mostly obtained from Penicillium. The basic structures of penicillin and its derivatives are generally very similar and closely related. Penicillin and its derivatives generally have the similar basic ring β-lactam structure, which is formed by valine and cysteine amino acids through an intermediate tripeptide. The tripeptide third amino acid is substituted by an acyl group and this acyl group has specific functions and properties on penicillin and its derivatives

Penicillin G is one of the most used penicillin against microbes and it is not stable in gastric hydrochloric acid (Barker CI,2017). Oral intake of penicillin G is destroyed by stomach gastric acid before its absorbed in the blood and before it acts at the microbial infection site. Hence its route of administration is intra-muscular injection

penicillin is the most effective drug on Gram-positive bacteria. It is also known not to be effective on Gram-negative bacteria and fungi., penicillin act on the bacterial cell wall by breaking it down. Hence this leads to the death of the bacteria.Penicillin is a drug commonly used as an antibiotic agent. It is among the earliest discoveries made. It is a natural compound released to the environment by fungi (Penicillium notatum). Penicillin was discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928 (Davies and Davies, 2010).

 Penicillin is found in various diverse forms and mostly obtained from Penicillium. The basic structures of penicillin and its derivatives are generally very similar and closely related. Penicillin and its derivatives generally have the similar basic ring β-lactam structure, which is formed by valine and cysteine amino acids through an intermediate tripeptide. The tripeptide third amino acid is substituted by an acyl group and this acyl group has specific functions and properties on penicillin and its derivatives

Penicillin G is one of the most used penicillin against microbes and it is not stable in gastric hydrochloric acid (Barker CI,2017). Oral intake of penicillin G is destroyed by stomach gastric acid before its absorbed in the blood and before it acts at the microbial infection site. Hence its route of administration is intra-muscular injection

penicillin is the most effective drug on Gram-positive bacteria. It is also known not to be effective on Gram-negative bacteria and fungi., penicillin act on the bacterial cell wall by breaking it down. Hence this leads to the death of the bacteria.

ABSTRACT

The goal of this study was to investigate the occurrence and distribution of hyperdontia, hypodontia (which

includes mesiodens and fused teeth), talon cusps, microdontia (which includes peg-shaped lateral incisors), and

macrodontia in patients attending private dental clinics in Gharyan, Libya. During ordinary patient

examinations, the inquiry was undertaken clinically and radiographically. A total of 1219 participants were

included in the study (358 males and 861 females). 57 of patients had dental anomalies in the percentage of

(4.67%), 21 patients (1.72%) had missing teeth, 15 of them had one missing permanent tooth and 6 patients had

two missing permanent teeth (the lower 2nd premolar was the most tooth loss 0.49%). In addition, the study

showed that 16 patients had supernumerary teeth, 10 patients had microdontia and 7 patients had macrodontia,

whereas, two patients had talon cusp. Early detection of a treatable abnormality is critical in developing a

thorough treatment strategy for the patient. Some of the unpleasant impact should be avoidable. In some

circumstances; functional, cosmetic, and occlusal discord can be detected early enough to warrant interpret of

sessional consultation and treatment.

KEYWORDS: dental anomalies; hypodontia; microdontia; macrodontia